Alde ADA 5 #1

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--:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --batch.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %BATCH To run the program in batch mode, Choose one of the following examples pertaining to the system you are running on. DATA GENERAL: -) csh -- get into the Unix C-Shell % qbatch -i -s /notify -- submit a batch job where INPUT x qsap < INPUT > OUTPUT -- is the input file name and ^d -- OUTPUT is the output file name % exit -- where the results are to go. %END --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --cbranch.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %CBRANCH SYNTAX Cbranch [=] {probability_value} DESCRIPTION Cbranch is used to specify the continuation probabilities between stages for a node with an R-Stage Coxian service distribution. The number of probability values must be one less than the number of stages and each value must be in the range 0.0 .. 1.0 excluding 0.0. EXAMPLES node = abc node def dist = coxian dist coxian nstages = 4 nstages 2 cbranch = .5, 0.3 .2 c .75 -- minimum abbreviation PREREQUISITES Nnodes, order, njobs, node, distribution = coxian, nstages. --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --discipl.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %DISCIPLINE SYNTAX DISCipline [=] (Fcfs | Nq | PR_lcfs | P_share) DESCRIPTION Discipline is used to specify the service discipline at a node. If a fcfs discipline is chosen then the distribution is automatically set to exponential. If a nq discipline is chosen, the number of servers is set equal to the number of jobs. If a p_share or pr_lcfs discipline is chosen, the number of servers is set to 1. EXAMPLES node = a discipline = fcfs -- sets distribution to exponential disc p_ -- resets discip and sets nservers = 1 PREREQUISITES Nnodes, order, njobs, node. --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --distrib.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %DISTRIBUTION SYNTAX DISTribution [=] (EXponential | ERlang | Coxian) DESCRIPTION Distribution is used to specify the service distribution at a node. For a fcfs discipline, the distribution is set to exponential. EXAMPLES node = foo node fooy distribution = exponential discip fcfs -- sets dist to expon dist erlang -- causes a warning PREREQUISITES Nnodes, order, njobs, node. --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --echo.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %ECHO SYNTAX ECho (Yes | No) DESCRIPTION Echo determines whether or not output reports will be displayed at the terminal. This decision is independent of the current outfile setting. The default setting is 'Echo Yes'. EXAMPLES echo no ec y -- minimum abbreviation PREREQUISITES None --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --endnode.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %ENDNODE SYNTAX ENdnode DESCRIPTION Endnode is used to signal the end of a node definition block. Commands occurring after a 'node' command which pertain to the node will not be saved into the model until the endnode command is issued. If this command is issued when the node information is not complete, a message will be printed indicating which commands are missing. EXAMPLES node peter_pan node fairy . . endnode en -- minimum abbreviation PREREQUISITES Nnodes, order, njobs, node, and all node subcommands. --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --example.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %EXAMPLE This contains an example model definition. nnodes 3 -- sets the number of nodes order a,b c -- nodes a,b,c in order. Comma and space are njobs 10 -- valid delimiters. node a -- start of node definition block discipline fcfs -- distribution will be set to exponential nservers 2 rate 2.4 -- exponential rate endnode -- end of node definition block node b discipline p_share -- nservers will be set to 1 dist erlang -- a unique abbreviation of distribution is ok nstages 3 rate 3.45 -- this rate applies to each of the 3 stages end node c discip nq -- nservers will be set to 10 = njobs dist coxian nstages 4 cbranch .4 .2 .3 -- nstages-1 continuation probabilities rates 1.4 4.5 2.3 5.7 -- command can extend over more than one line end run -- executes the model report arrival_freq all report serv_times (a c) report response_time a report qlength_dist (b c) report throughput all report routing from a to all by c report serv_requir all a c report normalization report pbranch report model --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --excepts.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %EXCEPTS DESCRIPTION -- EXCEPTIONS During execution any uncorrectable exception is reported and control is returned to the MMI module. The user may then wish to quit or attempt to correct the situation. Several types of exceptions are listed below: MATRIX_INVERSION_ERROR: The matrix of branching probabilities can not be inverted. Corrective Action: Change branching probs. UNSTABLE_SOLUTION_ERROR: Occurs whenever the result of a calculation yields an unrealistic value. The equations described in the appendix B may yield values that exceed the accuracy or capacity of the target system. Depending on the equation, QSAP may attempt an alternate solution, may report the error and continue processing, or give up and raise the Unstable_Solution_Error exception. Corrective Action: Try changing input values such as service rates and number ofjobs. Severe bottlenecks are likely candidates for this type of error. UNKNOWN_EXCEPTION: Any other exception will be reported as an unknown exception. Corrective Action: Hopefully, the user will be able to retrace his steps and find the error. If the installation is maintaining a bug helpfile, try the help facility. --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --fixql.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %FIX_QL DESCRIPTION -- A FIX for QLENGTHS While computing equation 1.2.0.11, an erronous value for 'l' has been detected. To continue , this value has been set to zero. Hence, the computed value for qlength for this node may be suspect. CAUSE This situation can occur when there is a serious bottleneck at one of the nodes. The equation 1.2.0.11, in appendix B, will then attempt to subtract two extremely close numbers whose difference is beyond the accuracy of the machine. The ramifications of this problem may seriously distort the qlength distribution for that node. CORRECTIVE ACTION The value for 'l' has been reassigned to zero which results in qlength probability of zero. It appears that 'l' misbehaves only in the negligible reqions of the qlength distribution and hence assigning qlength probability to zero should not seriously impact any of the reports. VERIFY Q_LENGTHS One can easily check if the correction has worked by examining the Thru_Put report. If the sum of the mean queue lengths approximates the number of jobs, then the 'fix' worked. If not, then reduce the BOTTLENECK! --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --help.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %HELP SYNTAX Help [help_topic] DESCRIPTION Help provides online information on commands and other features. If the help_topic keyword is not supplied, then a list of all help topics is displayed. EXAMPLES help -- gives a list of all help topics help nnodes -- describes the nnodes command h nn -- minimum abbreviation PREREQUISITES none --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --index.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: This help file must be modified by the following rules. * All text before '%INDEX' is treated as comments. * The first occurance of '%' on any line in column 1 must be the start of the index. * The index consists of '%INDEX' starting in column 1 and the help topics following one per line and also starting in column 1. The index is terminated by a '%END' in column 1 of a subsequent line. * A help topic must be listed in the index. * A help topic will be located in a file with the same name. In this file a help topic named 'TOPIC' will start with '%TOPIC' in column 1 and end with either '%' encountered in column 1 on a subsequent line or end of file. * Topic names are limited in length. For the index to print properly, a name should not be more than 19 characters. However, if the system cannot accomodate 19 characters in a file name, then they will have to be shorter. * Topic text is displayed all at once, so the topics should be small enough to fit on one page. %INDEX Batch Cbranch DISCipl DISTrib ECho ENdnode EXAmple EXCepts Fix_ql Help Infile NEw_User NOde NNodes NJobs NSErvers NSTages ORder OUtfile PAging PBranch PRompt Quit RAtes REPort RESet RUn SAve Show Title %END --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --infile.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %INFILE SYNTAX Infile file_name DESCRIPTION Infile is used to execute commands from a file. The file can contain a complete or partial model definition. The file can contain any command except another infile command. EXAMPLES infile = my_file -- reads from file, my_file i my_model -- minimum abbreviation PREREQUISITES None --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --newuser.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %NEW_USER This contains some important items that the user should be aware of. * The online help facility can be useful. Type 'help' for a list of topics and 'help topic' for information on that topic. * The command format is free. A command can span more than one line. More than one command can occur on a single line. The characters ',', '=', and space are delimiters. ORDER a,b c=d e is equivalent to ORDER a b c d e. * In edit mode the program will not respond to the command until all of the necessary command parameters have been supplied. If a command seems to hang it is because something is missing. The only commands that take more than a few seconds are 'report' and 'run'. * Abbreviated commands are possible. For example 'or a' is equavalent to 'order a'. The help information and the prompt mode follow the convention that the minimum abbreviation of a word is in upper case and the rest of the word is in lower case. * The character '\' is a character kill (some systems cannot handle the backspace character). For example, caad\\re\ is equal to care. * Real values can be entered without leading zeros or trailing decimal points. For example, .5 and 3 can be entered where a real is expected. --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --njobs.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %NJOBS SYNTAX NJobs [=] natural_number DESCRIPTION Njobs is used to specify the number of jobs in the network layout. It can be issued and re-issued at any time. EXAMPLES njobs = 13 nj 14 -- minimum abbreviation PREREQUISITES None --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --nnodes.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %NNODES SYNTAX NNodes [=] natural_number DESCRIPTION Nnodes is used to specify the number of nodes in the network layout. It is generally the first command issued and once issued, it cannot be re-issued until after a reset. EXAMPLES nnodes = 10 nn 2 -- minimum abbreviation PREREQUISITES Reset or initial entry into the program. --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --node.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %NODE SYNTAX NOde [=] node_name DESCRIPTION Node is used to signal the beginning of a node definition block. The node_name must match a node that was specified in the order command. Commands subsequent to the node command which pertain to the node will not be saved into the model until the endnode command is issued. EXAMPLES node capacitor no resistor -- minimum abbreviation . . . . endnode endnode PREREQUISITES Nnodes, order, njobs. --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --nservers.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %NSERVERS SYNTAX NSErvers [=] natural_number DESCRIPTION Nservers is used to specify the number of servers at a node. If a NQ discipline is chosen then nservers is set equal to the number of jobs. If a PS or PR_LCFS discipline is chosen then nservers is set equal to 1. A FCFS discipline is the only one which does not force a specific value for nservers. EXAMPLES node = puff node sleepy discip = fcfs discip ps -- nservers will be set to 1 nservers = 10 nse 5 -- will cause a warning PREREQUISITES Nnodes, order, njobs, node. --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --nstages.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %NSTAGES SYNTAX NSTages [=] natural_number DESCRIPTION Nstages is used to specify the number of stages of an R-Stage Erlang or Coxian distribution at a node. EXAMPLES node = jiffy node zorba dist = erlang dist coxian nstages = 6 nst 3 -- minimum abbreviation PREREQUISITES Nnodes, order, njobs, node, distribution = erlang or coxian. --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --order.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %ORDER SYNTAX ORder [=] [(] {node_name} [)] DESCRIPTION Order is used to specify the node names and their order in the network layout. A node name can be up to 15 characters in length and can contain any characters except ',', '=', '#' or blank. A node name cannot be 'all', 'from', 'by', 'to', which are reserved words. EXAMPLES nnodes = 4 order (cpu, disk terminal, modem) or Bob Ted Carol Alice -- minimum abbreviation PREREQUISITES Nnodes --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --outfile.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %OUTFILE SYNTAX OUtfile [=] (file_name | TERMINAL) DESCRIPTION Outfile is used to open or close a file for output reports. Reports will automatically be displayed at the terminal if the current echo setting is yes (the default). If the terminal keyword is specified and an outfile file is already open, the file will be closed. This command will destroy the contents of a file that exists previously. EXAMPLES outfile = my_file -- opens the file, my_reports outfile terminal -- closes the file ou reports -- minimum abbreviation PREREQUISITES None --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --paging.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %PAGING SYNTAX PAging (Yes | No) DESCRIPTION Paging allows the terminal to be treated like a line printer by putting in new page marks. This is useful if run in batch, since the session input and output reports may be going to the same file. Reports generally start with a new page mark. 'Paging No' is the default. EXAMPLES paging yes pa n -- minimum abbreviation PREREQUISITES None --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --pbranch.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %PBRANCH SYNTAX PBranch [=] {probability_value} DESCRIPTION Pbranch is used to specify the branching probabilities between nodes in a network layout. Each node has associated with it a set of probabilities that a job terminating at the node will continue on to another node. There are exactly as many probabilities associated with each node as there are nodes. The probabilites for each node must sum to 1. EXAMPLES node = a node b pbranch = .3, .2 0.5 pb .6 .3 .1 -- minimum abbrev PREREQUISITES Nnodes, order, njobs, node. --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --prompt.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %PROMPT SYNTAX PRompt DESCRIPTION Prompt is used to enter a mode where specific questions are asked by the program in order to build a complete model. There is no way to exit this mode short of entering a complete model definition. This command will cause a model reset upon user confirmation. The prompt sign is 'P>' as opposed to 'E>' in the normal editing mode. EXAMPLES E> prompt Enter the number of nodes. P> 3 etc. PREREQUISITES None --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --quit.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %QUIT SYNTAX Quit DESCRIPTION Quit is used to end a session. The user must verify this action as a precaution against not entering the save command. EXAMPLE E> quit -- could use 'q' as well. This will cause the current model definition to be lost. Continue (Yes, No)? P> no -- could use 'n' as well PREREQUISITES None --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --rates.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %RATES SYNTAX RAtes [=] {real_value} DESCRIPTION Rates is used to specify the rate parameter for an exponential or erlang distribution and the rate parameter(s) for a coxian distribution. EXAMPLES node = a_register node b_register dist = coxian dist exponential nstages = 3 ra 5.4 -- minimum abbreviation rates = 1.5, 2.5 3.5 PREREQUISITES Nnodes, order, njobs, node, distribution. If coxian, nstages. --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --report.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %REPORT SYNTAX REPort (Arrival_Frequencies | SERV_Times | REsponse_times | Qlength_distributions | Throughput) node_list REPort (ROuting | SERV_Requirements) [FROM] node_list [TO] node_list [BY] node_list REPort (Model | Normalizations | Pbranch) node_list ::= (node_name | ({node_name}) | ALL DESCRIPTION Report generates output reports based on the latest model definition that was run. A summary of the reports follows. Arrival_frequencies: For each node in node_list, reports number of servers, discipline, and relative arrival frequency. Model: Reports the model definition consisting of edit commands. Normalizations: Reports normalizations constants for all values from 0 to the number of jobs in the model. Pbranch: Reports branching probabilities from all nodes to all nodes. Qlength_distributions: For each node in node_list and each njobs value from 0 to the number of jobs, reports the probability that the node has that many jobs. Response_times: Reports the response time mean, response time variance, and coefficient of variation for each node in node_list. Routing: Reports service tour mean and variance for each combination of nodes, taking one from each of the 'from', 'to' and 'by' node lists. Serv_requirements: Reports the service requirement mean, service requirement variance, and the residence time mean for each combination of nodes, taking one from each of the 'from', 'to' and 'by' node lists. Serv_times: For each node in node_list, reports distribution, mean service time, service time variance, coefficient of variation, service rate(s), number of stages, cbranch probabilities. Throughput: For each node in node_list, reports mean queue length, queue length variance, coefficient of variation, throughput, and utilization. EXAMPLES report arrival_frequencies (a b c) rep t all -- abbreviations report routing from (a b) to all by c rep serv_r a (a b) all -- abbreviations report model rep p -- abbreviations PREREQUISITES Run --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --reset.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %RESET SYNTAX REset DESCRIPTION Reset has the effect of undoing all model definition commands (those except for echo, outfile, paging). The user must verify this action as a precaution against not entering the save command. EXAMPLES E> reset -- could use 're' as well This will cause the current model definition to be lost. Continue (Yes, No)? P> yes -- could use 'y' as well PREREQUISITES None --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --run.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %RUN SYNTAX RUn DESCRIPTION Run is used to execute the closed model calculations on the current model definition. All input parameters are checked before the calculations are performed. EXAMPLE run PREREQUISITES The model must be complete. --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --save.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %SAVE SYNTAX SAve [=] file_name DESCRIPTION Save is used to save the current model definition onto a file, whether it be complete or not. This command will destroy the contents of file_name if it already exists. The commands that are saved include title, nnodes, order, njobs, node, pbranch, discipline, distribution, rates, nstages, cbranch, and endnode. EXAMPLES save my_file sa your_file -- minimum abbreviation PREREQUISITES None --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --show.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %SHOW SYNTAX SHow (Title | NNodes | Order | NJobs | NOde node_name | Model) DESCRIPTION This command is used to display the current model definition parameters. 'Show model' will display all of them. EXAMPLES E> show title title = Assembly Line E> sh m -- minimum abbreviation, will show entire model nnodes = 3 . . PREREQUISITES None --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: --title.hlp --:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: %TITLE SYNTAX Title [=] title_specification DESCRIPTION Title is used to a specify a title for the model that will appear on all output reports. The title specification must appear on the same line as the command and cannot exceed 50 characters in length. EXAMPLES title My Main Model t A vERy OdD tITle -- minimum abbreviation PREREQUISITES None